摘要

1980年代，同性戀的生活方式在東亞有很大程度不被看見，但在21世紀，由於亞洲國家變得不那麼保守,也更現代化，同性戀已經得到了更多的接納。同性戀權利運動現在已經牢牢紮根於社會意識之中，亞洲電影和社交媒體對同性戀的描述更為頻繁，因此在看待同性戀角色和議題時有更多的尊重與瞭解。這項研究的目的是調查同性戀羞辱以及影響同性戀男子的傳統限制因素，特別關注過去二十年當代越南和台灣媒體如何表達這些問題。同時也探討,這兩個國家酷兒主題媒體的普及如何幫助公眾對LGBT社區的看法從偏見的觀點轉變為更加中立的觀點。這論文旨在為越南和台灣的酷兒問題兩者提出分析及比較。

Abstract

In 1980s, the homosexual lifestyle was largely concealed in East Asia, but in the 21st century, homosexuality has gained greater acceptance as Asian countries have become less conservative and more modern. Gay rights movements have now become firmly entrenched in the social consciousness, and homosexuality is portrayed more frequently in Asian films and social media, such that queer characters and issues are viewed with more respect and greater understanding. The purpose of this research was to investigate gay shame as well as the traditional constraints affecting gay men, with a particular focus on how these issues have been represented in contemporary Vietnamese and Taiwanese media over the past two decades. I also examined how the popularity of queer-themed media in these two countries has helped public opinion about the LGBT community shift from a prejudiced view to a more neutral one. This study aims to make a contribution to comparative understandings of queer issues in Vietnam and Taiwan.

Table of Contents

English Abstract i

Chinese Abstract ii

Introduction 1

CHAPTER 1
Shame and the Sexual Exposure of Gay Men 10

CHAPTER 2
Media Reflections of Contemporary Gay Issues 25

CHAPTER 3
The Impact of Media in Easing Gay Shame 46

Conclusion 51

Bibliography 52

Bibliography

Film sources
Ang, Lee (1993) The Wedding Banquet, Taiwan.
Nguyen, L. Dung (2011) Perfect Inspiration, Vietnam.
Vu, N. Dang (2011) Lost in Paradise, Vietnam.
Yuan, Tsao Jui (1986) Crystal Boys, Taiwan.

Works cited
Annamarie, Jagose (1996) Queer Theory: An Introduction, New York University Press.
Black, J.J.C. (2016) Queer Male Identities in Modern Vietnamese Literature, University of London.
Clark, K. J. and Wang, R. (2004) A Confucian Defense of Gender Equity, Oxford Academic.
Chen, Bruce (1998) Figuring the Homosexual Struggle: From Social Regulation to Family Ties, National Central University, Taiwan.
Colby, D., Cao, H.N, & Doussantousse, S. (2004) Men who have Sex with Men and HIV in Vietnam, The Guilford Press.
Decoo, Ellen (2014) Changing Attitudes toward Homosexuality in the United States from 1977-2012, Brigham Young University.
Damm, Jens (2005) ‘Same-Sex Desire and Society in Taiwan, 1970-1987’. The China Quarterly, 67-81.
Evans, V. D. (2007) ‘Curved TV: The impact of Televisual Images on Gay Youth’, American Communication Journal 9:1-17.
Hurley, Micheal (2003) Gay Men and HIV, La Trobe University, Australia.
Ha, Hoang Yen (2013) Public Perceptions on LGBT Issues in Modern Vietnam, Eastern Michigan University.
Halperin, David & Traub, Valeria (2009) Gay Shame, The University of Chicago Press.
Huang, Hans (2011) Queer Politics and Sexual Modernity in Taiwan, Hong Kong University Press.
Leo, D.D. Kolves, K. and Skerrett, D.M. (2015) Suicidal Behaviours in LGBT Populations, Griffith University, Australia.
Li, JiaShen (2004) Translating NieZi (1983) into Crystal Boys (2003), National Central University, Taiwan.
LeJacq, Y. (2011) Love becomes possible: The Transformation of gay male Sexuality and Identity in the AIDS Crisis, Wesleyan University.
Liu, J.P. and Ding N.F. (2005) ‘Reticent Poetics, Queer Politics’, Inter-Asia Cultural Studies 6: 30-55.
Mackie, Vera & McLelland, Mark (2015) ‘Introduction: Framing Sexuality Studies in East Asia’. Routledge Handbook of Sexuality Studies in East Asia, London & New York, 20-54.
Newton, Natalie (2015) ‘Homosexuality and Transgenderism in Vietnam’. Routledge Handbook of Sexuality Studies in East Asia, London & New York, 290-303.
Nguyen, Van Hiep (2012) Sexual risk behaviors among male sex workers in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam – Implications for HIV prevention, Umea University, Sweden.
Nichols, Ryan (2013) ‘The Origins and Effects of Filial Piety (Xiao): How Culture Solves an Evolutionary Problem for Parents’, Journal for Cognition and Culture 13: 201-230.
Tse Ho-lun Tommy (2006) Narcissism in Male Sexuality: Lan Yu, Crystal Boys and Brokeback Mountain, The University of Hong Kong.
Tine, M.G. & Nguyen, T.H. (2015) ‘The Politics of Sexual Health in Vietnam’. Routledge Handbook of Sexuality Studies in East Asia, London & New York, 385-397.
UNDP, USAID (2014) Being LGBT in Asia: Vietnam Country Report, Bangkok.
Wang, Zhixin (2017) Eyeing Marriage Equality: News media representation of same-sex marriage legalization debate in Taiwan, Lund University.
Wang, F. T.Y. Bih, H. D. and Brennan, D. J. (2009) ‘Have they really come out: gay men and their parents in Taiwan?’, Culture, Health & Sexuality 11: 285-296.

Websites

Dinh Nam, Hoang (2012, August 6) Vietnam holds first gay pride parade, ABC News, retrieved from <http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-08-05/vietnam-holds-first-gay-pride-parade/4178626>
Ellen, Dan (2017, October 31) Taiwan Pride: Bigger than Ever and a Beacon for LGBTQ Rights in Asia, retrieved from
HHS Public Access (2014, May 24) Stigma related to sex work among men who engage in transactional sex with men in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, retrieved from
Nam, Hoai (2011, November 19) Phim “Cảm hứng hoàn hảo” hay sự “hoàn hảo” lệch lạc, Dantri newspaper, retrieved from <http://dantri.com.vn/giai-tri/phim-cam-hung-hoan-hao-hay-su-hoan-hao-lech-lac-1321944526.htm>
Macau Daily Times (2016, November 11) Taiwan. First in Asia. Same-sex marriage, retrieved from
Teng, Pei-ju (2018, January 27) Gay Rights Coalition launches campaign for legalizing same-sex marriage in Taiwan, retrieved from
Thanhniennews (2010, September 24) Male prostitution film in the pipeline, Arts, and Culture, retrieved from <http://www.thanhniennews.com/arts-culture/male-prostitution-film-in-the-pipeline-22947.html>
Wekipedia (2018, January 9) Gay Shame, retrieved from
Wekipedia (2018, January 6) Lost in Paradise, retrieved from
曲家瑞、威廉、Hero祖雄 (2016, August 25) 利晴天欽點在室男親密互動 威廉祖雄男男吻? retrieved from